Features of Computer Grade-XI

Unit-1

1. What is computer? What are the characteristics of computer? Explain in details.

Ans: Computer is an electronic man-made device controlled under the set of instructions given by the user. It accepts data and instructions from input devices, processes them in CPU mathematically and logically and gives meaningful information without making any errors that can be stored for future use.

Characteristics:

a. Speed

Computer has a great speed as it transfers data and instructions in the form of electrical pulses at a very fast rate. It can even perform complex calculations that human being may not able to do. Generally, the speed of computer is measured in fraction of second i.e. millisecond, microsecond, nanosecond, picoseconds and even in megahertz and gigahertz. 

b.  Automatic

It carries out a job normally without any human intervention. Once we give the appropriate data and instructions, a computer can do the operations automatically as it is already programmed to do so. It does the jobs independently.

c. Accuracy

Computer performs every calculation with the same accuracy. If the data and instructions given are correct, the result given by the computer will always be accurate. The term GIGO (Garbage in Garbage out) applies in the context as, if we feed in wrong data then the computer will obviously gives us wrong output.

d. Diligence:

Computer is free from monotony, tiredness and lack of concentration. It is capable of doing the required task again and again without affecting its speed, accuracy and efficiency. It never gets tired, bored or lazy to do the job.

e. Versatility

The computer is a versatile machine as it has the capability of doing several of tasks in almost all fields. The computers are very flexible in its operations. It has a wide range of applications and used in different field like education, science and technology, astronomy, business, medicine, etc.

f. Reliability

Generally, reliability is the measurement of the performance of a computer, which is measured against some predetermined standard for operation without any failure. The major reason behind the reliability of the computers is that, at hardware level, it does not require any human intervention between its processing operations.  Moreover, computers have built-in diagnostic capability, which help in continuous monitoring of the system.

g. Resource Sharing

In the initial stages of development, computer used to be an isolated machine. With the tremendous growth in computer technologies. Today's computers have the capability to connect with each other. This has made the sharing of costly resource the printers possible. Apart from device sharing, data and information can also be shared among groups of computer, thus creating a large information and knowledge base.

h. Storage capability

Computers can store large amounts of data and it can recall the required information almost instantaneously. The memory of the computer is relatively small and it can hold only certain amount of information. Therefore, the data are stored on storage devices such as magnetic tape or disks. The data from these devices can be accessed and brought into the main memory of the computer, as and when required, for processing.

i. No feeling

Computer cannot make judgment based on feeling and instincts.

j. No IQ

Computer cannot take its own decision, and has to be instructed what to do and how to do. 

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