Capabilities, limitation, advantages & disadvantages of computer

3. What are the capabilities, limitations, advantages and disadvantages of computer?

Capabilities of Computer

 i.  It is capable of performing calculations at an extremely high speed

 ii. It is capable of generating accurate result when the inputs are accurate

 iii.It is capable of storing huge amount of data permanently

 iv.It is capable of performing different types of task in different areas with minimum changes

 v. It is capable of performing same task for multiple times with same accuracy and in same processing time

 vi.It is capable of performing task automatically after required instruction and data are provided

Limitations of Computer

    i. It cannot operate without electricity

    ii.It cannot perform any task by itself

    iii.It cannot learn, think, reason or react like humans

     iv. It is under the control of human ware.

     v. It cannot make its own decision for solving problems.

Advantages of Computer

     i.   It is always accurate and reliable than humans

     ii.   it is the fastest device and hence save our time and money

     iii.  It is diligence device

     iv.  It can be used for communication among many users

     v.   It is versatile i.e. it can be used in many fields with minimum changes

Disadvantages of Computer

     i.    It has been used for cyber crimes like hacking, creating & spreading viruses, etc.

     ii.   It is machine dependent

     iii.  Repair and maintenance is required frequently

     iv.  It is still unaffordable to every household due to it’s high cost

     v.   Skilled manpower is must to work in computer

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Application areas of computer-XI

2. What are the application areas of computer? Explain in details

Some important application areas of computer are described below:

Bank

Banks use computers for general purpose computation, to maintain ledger to handle transactions, to make entry in passbooks, to issue fixed deposit receipts, to provide online service to customers who want to perform bank transactions from home terminals and to answer customers at bank terminals regarding their balance, etc. Computer also allows customers to make withdrawals and deposit via ATM.

Medical and health care

There has been an increasing use of computers in the field of medicine. Now, doctors are using computers right from diagnosing the illness of monitoring patient’s status during complex surgery. By using automated imaging techniques, doctors are able to look inside a person’s body and study each in details.

Education

In schools and colleges, computer can be used to help the process of teaching and learning almost any  subjects in a much better and more interesting manner. Teachers can use screen diagrams to explain different topic, more clearly and easily. Computer can be used by students as well to do their home works, mathematical problems and to check spelling of difficult words. It is very effecting tool for online education. Many universities offer distance education through internet.

Transportation

Computer is used in transport of railways and airlines. It is used for seat reservation, control of traffic and maintaining time table of vehicles and duties of crew. Computer is used in all fields of air traffic. It helps to control the traffic and safe movement of the aero planes.

Printing and publishing

Computer has now become an effective tools to the publishers, writers and painters. It can do typesetting for newspapers, magazine and books. The user can change, add or delete words easily. These days computer does almost all types of designing.

Space Technology

Today computer is used extensively for exploring space. Man could not have landed on moon without the use o calculating power of the computer. It is used in designing modern spacecraft. During flights it helps astronauts in monitoring the functions of the various equipments and spacecraft.

Businesses

Businessmen make bar graphs and pie charts from tedious figures to convey information with far more impact than numbers alone can covey. Furthermore, computers help businesses to predict their future sales, profits, costs etc. making companies more accurate in their accounts. Computers may also play a vital role in aiding thousands of organizations to make judgmental and hard-provoking decisions concerning financial problems and prospective trends.

Energy

Energy companies use computers to locate oil, coal, natural gas and uranium. With the use of these technological machines, these companies can figure out the site of a natural resource, its concentration and other related figures. Electric companies use computers to monitor vast power networks. In addition, meter readers use hand held computers to record how much energy is used each month in homes and offices.

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Features of Computer Grade-XI

Unit-1

1. What is computer? What are the characteristics of computer? Explain in details.

Ans: Computer is an electronic man-made device controlled under the set of instructions given by the user. It accepts data and instructions from input devices, processes them in CPU mathematically and logically and gives meaningful information without making any errors that can be stored for future use.

Characteristics:

a. Speed

Computer has a great speed as it transfers data and instructions in the form of electrical pulses at a very fast rate. It can even perform complex calculations that human being may not able to do. Generally, the speed of computer is measured in fraction of second i.e. millisecond, microsecond, nanosecond, picoseconds and even in megahertz and gigahertz. 

b.  Automatic

It carries out a job normally without any human intervention. Once we give the appropriate data and instructions, a computer can do the operations automatically as it is already programmed to do so. It does the jobs independently.

c. Accuracy

Computer performs every calculation with the same accuracy. If the data and instructions given are correct, the result given by the computer will always be accurate. The term GIGO (Garbage in Garbage out) applies in the context as, if we feed in wrong data then the computer will obviously gives us wrong output.

d. Diligence:

Computer is free from monotony, tiredness and lack of concentration. It is capable of doing the required task again and again without affecting its speed, accuracy and efficiency. It never gets tired, bored or lazy to do the job.

e. Versatility

The computer is a versatile machine as it has the capability of doing several of tasks in almost all fields. The computers are very flexible in its operations. It has a wide range of applications and used in different field like education, science and technology, astronomy, business, medicine, etc.

f. Reliability

Generally, reliability is the measurement of the performance of a computer, which is measured against some predetermined standard for operation without any failure. The major reason behind the reliability of the computers is that, at hardware level, it does not require any human intervention between its processing operations.  Moreover, computers have built-in diagnostic capability, which help in continuous monitoring of the system.

g. Resource Sharing

In the initial stages of development, computer used to be an isolated machine. With the tremendous growth in computer technologies. Today's computers have the capability to connect with each other. This has made the sharing of costly resource the printers possible. Apart from device sharing, data and information can also be shared among groups of computer, thus creating a large information and knowledge base.

h. Storage capability

Computers can store large amounts of data and it can recall the required information almost instantaneously. The memory of the computer is relatively small and it can hold only certain amount of information. Therefore, the data are stored on storage devices such as magnetic tape or disks. The data from these devices can be accessed and brought into the main memory of the computer, as and when required, for processing.

i. No feeling

Computer cannot make judgment based on feeling and instincts.

j. No IQ

Computer cannot take its own decision, and has to be instructed what to do and how to do. 

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